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  • Terry asking her grandson Lyric to clean up the mess he has left behind in the kitchen, after pulling stuff out of the garage to play with. Lyric has been diagnosed with ADHD when he was three years old, and has been medicated since then.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • Lyric, 7 years old, with his "utility belt" exploring under the kitchen furniture with a flashlight to retrieve lost toys.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • Terry, 75, sorting the medication for her 7 years old grandson Lyric to treat his ADHD. He has been diagnosed when he was three and started his treatment at that time. He takes two medications in the morning and one in the afternoon when the effects of the first two wear off.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • McKenna and Traci -Lyric's sister and mother-, face Terry, the grandmother and the primary caretaker of both children, in the kitchen of her home.


    Biloxi - USA - 29/03/14

  • Lyric, 7 years old, playing in a corner by the TV set where some of his toys are stored.


    Biloxi - USA - 30/03/14

  • 7 years old Lyric, hugging his grandmother Terry as she visits him in school.


    Biloxi - USA - 02/04/14

  • Lyric's school teacher Marie, during a science lesson about insects' metamorphosese.


    Biloxi - USA - 02/04/14

  • Lyric sitting at his desk with fellow kids in his classroom, during a science lesson.


    Biloxi - USA - 02/04/14

  • Floor mat in front of the exit door of Lyric's school.


    Biloxi - USA - 02/04/14

  • Pat, Terry's husband and sole male figure in the family panorama goes and picks up Lyric every day at the end of his school day. As Lyric has made progress in his social skills over the last months, he now asks Pat to wait for him on the other side of the field outside the school so he can get to walk to the car and feel some form of autonomy.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • 7 years old Lyric often dresses up as a policeman which gives him confidence in his relationship to the outside world. But he will not wear it to school.


    Biloxi - USA - 29/03/14

  • After a school day, Lyric's grandfather takes him to a playground where they share a game of minigolf, the rules of which are only loosely followed.


    Biloxi - USA - 29/03/14

  • After school and a drive around the city Lyric starts to feel tired, as the effects of his morning medications are wearing off. He only drinks sweet drinks -smoothies, sodas, or here a coffee based drink- which provide him with some form of short lived energy.


    Biloxi - USA - 29/03/14

  • 7 years old Lyric is having a meltdown mid afternoon as he did not get his "4 o'clock pill" to treat his ADHD on time. Now he refuses to take it and is angry at everybody around the house.


    Biloxi - USA - 29/03/14

  • Mid afternoon, as he is playing in his corner by the TV set Lyric gets to take one last pill for the day to address the symptoms of his ADHD. His grandmother Terry is handing him the medication.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • McKenna, Lyric and Terry on the couch in the living room. McKenna shares her phone time between texting and snapchating. Lyric is playing a game, under the scrutiny of his grandmother Terry.


    Biloxi - USA - 29/03/14

  • For 7 years old Lyric who was diagnosed with ADHD when he was 3 physical activities is an important form of release. After school he will play in the back yard on the trampoline, or play baseball, either with his sister McKenna or with his grandfather Pat.


    Biloxi - USA - 29/03/14

  • The sea shore of Biloxi was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Many of the sea front properties were never rebuilt because of what insurances now ask for, for such locations. The traces of former tree houses are all that remain. The casinos -the city's main source of income- have been allowed to rebuild on the land as before they were required to be over water.


    Biloxi - USA - 02/04/14

  • A section of Terry and Pat's selection of books.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • Traci, Terry, Pat and Lyric attending sunday mass at the Episcopal Church of the Redeemer. The church which Terry attended as a child.


    Biloxi - USA - 30/03/14

  • Traci has lived many years in Texas where she was when she got pregnant with Lyric. She came back to Biloxi to have him and raise him, with the help of her mother Terry who is now the main caretaker of both Lyric and his sister McKenna.


    Biloxi - USA - 30/03/14

  • Traci, Terry, and Pat receiving communion during sunday mass at the Episcopal Church of the Redeemer. The church which Terry attended as a child.


    Biloxi - USA - 30/03/14

  • Terry, during a church meeting before mass.


    Biloxi - USA - 30/03/14

  • Traci, 45, looking into her phone on the sea front beach accross the road from the Yacht Club.


    Biloxi - USA - 30/03/14

  • Traci, Terry and Lyric at the Yacht Club, celebrating Terry's birthday, after sunday mass at Church.


    Biloxi - USA - 30/03/14

  • Seven year old Lyric after a meal with his grandfather Pat by the harbor where they went fishing on a saturday morning. Diagnosed with ADHD when he was three, Lyric's attention span is rather short, so his "fishing" mostly involves throwing and bringing back all sorts of baits, to no avail.


    Biloxi - USA - 29/03/14

  • Lyric after a fishing session by the Biloxi Harbor.


    Biloxi - USA - 29/03/14

  • Terry, taking care of her 96 years old mother Ruby who lives with her and her husband Pat.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • 96 years old Ruby with her sister's 4 months old great grandson Tray, after whom Terry is looking until his parents get out of work.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • Traci checking the medication she just picked up from the Pharmacy under her mother's gaze. They have to renew the medication monthly, which requires getting a prescription from the psychiatrists based in nearby town of Ocean's Spring, and having it filled at the pharmacy.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • After work, Traci is shopping at a supermarket after picking her son up from her mother's house, on the way to her own house, a little further north of town.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • Magazines and books rack at the local supermarket.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • Lyric and Traci at the supermarket doing some shopping for the evening's dinner.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • Traci and Lyric after shopping at the supermarket and the liquor store, on their way home for the evening dinner.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • After having dinner in a local restaurant, Lyric is playing a video game on his sister's iPhone, under his t-shirt.


    Biloxi - USA - 28/03/14

  • While preparing dinner Traci is sipping on a cocktail of tofu based vanilla flavored food suplement mixed with rhum. Her daugter McKenna is texting on her phone.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • After dinner Traci is talking with her son Lyric who was just playing on the computer. He doesn't eat much, and does not stay long at the table when he does.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • Traci's refrigerator door.


    Biloxi - USA - 01/04/14

  • Traci has been working at the Clinique stand of Belk's department store for the last three years. Due to limited foot traffic, sales are not soaring. Her income is 15% below the government defined poverty line.


    Biloxi - USA - 02/04/14

  • Traci admiring new items in the jewelery section of Belk's department store, where she has worked at the Clinique stand for the last three years.


    Biloxi - USA - 02/04/14

Story

Teachers in Kindergarten were the ones to notice it first. Lyric couldn’t sit still and had trouble socializing with the other children. They recommended he be tested, which lead to a diagnosis of ADHD and the suggestion that he take medication. Lyric was only 3 years old at the time. In this State, 14% of children ages 4-17 have been diagnosed with ADHD. This is 3% above the national figure and twice that of California.

Lyric is the third child of Traci, a single mom who likes to party and can’t seem to settle into any stable relationships. Even though she has held a steady job for the last three years as a beauty consultant in a Mall, she remains one of the “working poor”. With a yearly income of 18 000$, she can’t support her family (the government defined poverty line is at 23 000$ for a family of 4). Because of this, both Lyric and his 13 year old sister McKenna live most of the time with their grandmother, “Mother” (aka Terry), who just turned 75 years old.

Jané, Mother’s oldest daughter, lost her house to hurricane Katrina in 2005 just a few years after losing her oldest daughter in a violent accident. That’s when she decided to leave Mississippi and move to Florida. Her idea was to build a new life for herself, her children, and her stepchildren. Jané’s own son Sterling (20 years old) also suffers from ADHD but has consistently refused to take medication for it. Kathy, Terry’s middle daughter, lives in northern rural Mississippi with her own daughter Christy who is in and out of rehab. Like her mother, Christy takes a lot of medication, including those for ADHD, but with no oversight by a doctor.

From her own two marriages and all her daughters’ relationships, Mother has a total of 22 grandchildren. Her own mother, Ruby, born in 1917, also lives with her. Ruby’s late husband was the grandson of Fernando Gautier, homesteader and businessman in the mid-19th Century. A nearby town is named after him. The family embodies one century of the State’s history, from its early economic growth and prosperity – Mother’s great grand father - to today’s unstable social environment, which some blame for the unprecedented rise in ADHD diagnoses and the consequent explosion of medication usage. It is both an economic and a social “rise and fall” story that might find an echo in many parts of the country today.
Mother lives of Social Security checks (800$/month), but her daughters are likely not to be so lucky. What will happen to their children then?
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